Current+Issues+and+Researches+on+using+technology+in+teaching+and+learning

 There have been new technologies that have the potential to revolutionize the education system. Repercussions for school leaders are significant and include technology-related issues involving freedom of speech, harassment, privacy, special education, plagiarism, and copyright concerns. School leaders need to be mindful of these emerging legal conditions and understand the importance of professional development training for educators on technology and the law. With this in mind, the school law researcher and professor’s role should be to communicate frequently with educators about new statutes and how to apply legal concept and frameworks to these developing situations.   Technology is changing the way the teachers teach and students learn. As technological advances are introduced into the academy, campuses are more and more attracted by the promise and potential of technology for enhancing access and learning. Technology is seen by some as the panacea for budgets cuts: some see visions of hundreds of students sitting in front of monitors, with talking heads providing cheap, mass education. Others see technology as a critical complement to the educational experience, opening more opportunities for the learner than can be encompassed by one campus.   The 2004 National academic computing budgets cuts were less than last year and more campuses are adopting policies to stop music and video downloads on their networks. Legal issues such as copyright, data protection, liability, e-commerce and disability discrimination are now impacting on our deployment of online learning environments.  The importance of authentication: verifying student identity in the online environment, for example, for online assessment purposes. Solutions to this had to be user-friendly but robust, for example, something a student is familiar with, such as user identification and password. General terms that issue an institution needed to address this to manage legal compliance in the online environment. These may include, for instance:   • Third party materials;  • Contracts, for example, with developers or staff;  • Third party rights;  • Licenses;  • Internal policies and procedures;  • Content management.   Copyright is not a new issue for the academic community but concern persists regarding copyright in relation to online learning environments. By exploring many of the myths that surround copyright especially when using materials developed by others, I found that they are held in an online environment. This is because the law provides very little scope for using third-party material under fair dealing or the copyright educational exceptions and it is often too costly and time consuming to obtain individual consents. Data protection is essential in that all information about the user is processed in a transparent way and is not excessive. In addition, the information must be accurate and held securely. Users should be able to access their information and should be confident that that there is no unauthorized transfer of data to other databases. <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msotabcount: 1;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> Day One closed with four breakout sessions providing the opportunity to look at case studies on VLE implementation. Liability for universities can encompass many areas. For example, liability for injury to an employee through unsafe work practices where the employee could sue for breach of duty and sue for damages for injury caused. Liability could also include harm caused to someone’s reputation through the posting of a defaming notice on a university website. Although this has been a high profile issue over the past few years, not all staff is fully aware of its impact on their practices. Accessibility issues should not solely be acted upon to improve the situation for some students; if implemented properly, accessibility guidelines will improve the situation for all, particularly where online learning environments are concerned. Technical matters that are important in the light of legal requirements that were raised throughout the conference including: <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> • Adequate network security; <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> • Access control lists; <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> • Appropriate firewall and proxy server provision; <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> • Anti-virus and anti-spyware software; <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> • Encryption; <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> • Strong password measures; <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> • Knowledge partitioning; <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> • Physical access restriction <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> Social networking is the grouping of individuals into specific groups. Because social networking keeps increasing within many businesses, homes, and now even schools teachers are using social networking for teaching their students. When it comes to online social networking, websites are commonly used. These particular websites are known as social sites. These would consist of MySpace, Facebook, Blogs, and several others. Once you are granted access to a social networking website, you can then begin to socialize. Furthermore, social networking often involves grouping specific individuals or organizations together. Depending on the website in questions, many of these online community members share common interests, which can include common interest such as hobbies, politics, or even religion ( <span style="color: #14456e; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">[|www.whatissocialnetworking.com] <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">, 2009). <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> Not only are there social networks for everyone, but there are certain areas just for educators. For example, there is the social networking webpage called Teach Ade. This website is considered to be one of the most helpful teacher websites on the internet. Teach Ade combines the best features of social networking with educational resources for teachers. It is very important to encourage schools to use social networking with their students for numerous of reasons. For instance, the school should reflect the world we live in today which would be considered a social world. Educators need to teach students how to be effective collaborators in the world, and learn how to interact with people around them. <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> Some actually want to change the term for social networking within schools to be called academic networking. Social networking requires a less controlled, user-generated environment, which then challenges the effectiveness of teaching and learning. Although some would argue the fact that social learning may not be effective learning because it involves no social interaction, which then leads to the case of problems with communication skills. However, many studies have showed that schools who use social networking within a classroom is very successful for the student’s sake, and they will benefit from the usage of social networking. <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> Social networking tools can be used to develop skills when integrated into a project-based approach to learning ( <span style="color: #14456e; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">[|www.whatissocialnetworking.com] <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">, 2009). Therefore, this means that students would be encouraged to start with the end in mind and bring various resources and participant into the process working towards a solution. As a result of using social networking, it would increase the development of collaborate skills in learners because students would work together as a group within their network to complete the task that needed to be completed assigned by the educator. Another positive impact of social networking used with teaching and learning is developing creativity for the students. Whenever students manipulate software environments, then they are demonstrating a level of creativity that could be integrated into the learning environment. In conclusion, the skill of networking should be valued in teaching and learning because it has a very beneficial impact for students, which helps prepare them for their future. <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman';">Cyber bullying is when a person, such as a child, preteen, or teenager, is harassed, threatened, humiliated, tormented, embarrassed, or some other way bothered by a person close to the same age range. This is most often done through the internet, via computers or mobile phones. If the victim is an adult, the term is either cyber stalking or cyber harassment. It would not be cyber bullying. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> Cyber bullying is not when an adult tried to lure a child out into an offline meeting. The methods used in cyber bullying are only limited to the child’s imagination. Often times, some of the children involved will change rolls, going from victim to bully, and even back again. Children have killed each other or committed suicide because of cyber bullying. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> Cyber bullying may get up to the level of a misdemeanor cyber harassment charge. If the victim is young enough, the situation may result in the charge of juvenile delinquency. Most of the time, cyber bullying doesn’t get that far, but sometimes parents try and pursue criminal charges. This typically can result in a child losing their Internet Service Provider (ISP) or their Instant Messaging (IM) accounts as a term of service violation. In some cases, if hacking or password and identity theft is involved, it can become a serious criminal matter under state and federal laws. When schools try to get involved by disciplining the student for cyber bullying that took place off campus and outside of school hours, they are often rebuked or sued for exceeding their authority and for trying to violate the student's right of free speech. Often, the schools lose this suit. The schools can be very effective while working with the parents to stop and remedy cyber bullying situations. They can help by educating the students on cyber ethics and the law. <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman';">There are various different methods of cyber bullying: Instant Messaging/Text Messaging, stealing passwords to access accounts such as Facebook or MySpace/impersonation, and blogs can be used. Other forms of cyber bullying could be using e-mail to send pictures to other computers or cell phones, sending viruses/junk mail via email, internet polling, or interactive games. Websites in general are open to attack (stopcyberbullying.org). <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> Cyberspace is new territory for peer mistreatment, often leaving the school administrators with doubts about the boundaries of their jurisdiction on the situation. The school leaders may be unable to respond when it is an unknown party that has sent the hate messages from a location outside the school grounds, such as from a home-based computer or mobile phone (Belsey 2005). Many students are hesitant to tell any adult about the anxiety they go through at the hands of their cyber enemies. They fear that their parents may overreact and take away their computer, internet access, or cell phone. Many teenagers are unwilling to risk having parents choose such extreme forms of protection because, without the technology tools, they would feel socially isolated and unable to stay in immediate contact with their friends (Cottle 2001). <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> A mistaken belief about cyber abuse is that nothing can be done about it. Cyber harassment is a crime that bears a resemblance to other forms of unlawful behavior and is open to prosecution. The University Of Dayton School Of Law (2001) offers many resources for understanding the legal issues of cyber bullying. The Website <span style="color: blue; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">www.cybercnmes.net <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> describes different forms of cyber harassment, identifies agencies to contact for help, offers some guidelines for reporting abuse, and presents articles explaining legal processes and penalties related to a wide range of cyber crimes. (  <span style="color: purple; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">[]  ). <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; msotabcount: 1;"> __<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Ethical Issues __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> <span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Sharing content, applications and application development within the classroom <span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Demonstrating improvement of learning <span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Providing professional development for technology in the classroom <span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Providing training sessions for teachers to know how to use the technology (Campbell, 2007). __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Digital Citizenship __ <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> Digital Citizenship is a concept that helps teachers, parents, and anybody who uses technology to understand what users of technology should know about technology and its uses. It is more than just a tool; it guides teachers on what to prepare their students for in the world of technology. All around you there is technology such as cell phones, e-mail and so on. Everybody uses it so everyone is a citizen of it. It is an issue to do not only with what you do not know how to do as a user of technology, but also what is considered appropriate technology usage (Ribble, 2009, Kenton County School District, 2009). There are nine themes of Digital Citizenship and are as follows: <span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Digital Etiquette - electronic standards of conduct or procedure when using technology. <span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Digital Communication - exchange of information through technology <span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Digital Literacy - process of teaching and learning about technology and the use technology. <span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Digital Access - full participation in terms of electronics in society. <span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Digital Commerce - buying and selling goods electronically. <span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Digital Law - responsibility for actions and deeds done through the use of technology. <span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Digital Rights and Responsibilities - the freedoms extended to everyone in a digital world. <span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Digital Health and Wellness - physical and psychological well-being in a digital world. <span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Digital Security - electronic precautions to guarantee safety (Ribble, 2009). __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> Digital Divide __ <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> Digital Divide is the gap between people who benefit from digital technology and the people who do not get any benefits (DigitalDivide.org, 2009). __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> Other Issues __ <span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Online Assessment is an issue because it allows you to create original tests online through your very own website. However, there is a basic knowledge of the internet that is needed, which discourages many teachers from using the internet to make up tests. In addition, problems with grading and submitting without being ready to submit could occur. <span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Research is another issue. In education it is the number one reason to use the internet. However, there is so much information that the internet can get confusing. While researching obscure topics, the school library probably does not have the needed materials, which makes the internet very useful. Nevertheless, the quality of information is not always ideal or accurate, which leads to more problems (Kelly, 2009). <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> One type of emerging technology is the alternative reality games (ARGs). These games weave together real-world artifacts with clues and puzzles hidden virtually any place. They can be found in such places as websites, libraries, museums, stores, signs, recorded telephone messages, movies, television programs, or printed materials. The ARGs are not computer games, or video games, but electronic products that are regularly used to access the clues. Players can meet and talk with other characters in the narrative and use resources like postal mail, e-mail, the web, or the public library to find hints, clues, and assorted pieces of the puzzle. ARGs open the doors into the future of students’ professional lives, where they will be expected to solve complex problems by taking necessary raw materials from multiple resources, thinking critically and analytically, and putting their individual skills, interests, and abilities at the disposal of a group dedicated to a common goal. <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> Lecture Capture is another type of technology that is affecting teaching and learning. //Lecture capture// is an overall term describing any technology that allows an instructor to record what goes on in their classrooms and make it available digitally. In the simplest form, lecture capture could be an audio recording made with an iPod; alternatively, the term might refer to a software capture program that records cursor movement, typing, or other on-screen activity. These systems offer three important benefits: an alternative for when students miss class; an opportunity for review; and content for an online course development. This technology enhances and extends already existing instructional activities, whether face-to-face, fully online, or blended learning environments. <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> Ustream is an interactive web streaming platform that lets the user broadcast their own channels on the network or on a third-party website like MySpace or Facebook. This technology offers a platform for users to host events, promote their own shows, or set up interactive conversations with people from across the world. Ustream’s broadcasting model offers an attractive new way for Internet broadcasters to connect with their audiences, allowing dialogue between the users and opportunities to build connections with them across the globe. Ustream gives teachers free, easy-to-use options for streaming video to geographically disparate audiences, and the service also introduces new frontiers for authentic assessment in the classroom. <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> Second Life is a virtual world with millions of square meters of virtual lands, more than 13 million “residents,” and a thriving economy. Large numbers of universities and colleges are active in this virtual world. In several cases, individual departments or just a faculty member is active. They are here not only for academic purposes, but also for campus visits, recruiting activities for prospective, and fundraising. Second Life lets educators easily build and modify learning spaces to test how different strategies for a physical space affect students’ learning, and a similar approach can be taken toward educational activities in those spaces. <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> Multi-touch interfaces are input devices that recognize two or more concurrent touches allowing several users to interact with computer applications through swipes, pinches, rotations and other actions that allow for fuller, more immediate interaction within digital content. These devices and their supporting applications also facilitate collaborative creation permitting several users to work together on a single screen. <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> Ning is an online service where the users can create their own social network that lets them join and participate in other networks. No technical skills are required to set up a social network and there are no limits to the number of networks users can join. With functionality like that of Facebook and MySpace, Ning allows instructors to employ social networks in a neutral setting to help facilitate a strong sense of community among the students and encourage personal interactions that can lead to the creation of new knowledge. <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-themecolor: text1;"> These are just some types of emerging technologies that can have an effect on both teaching and learning. They can give easier access to lessons for students who are unable to reach the actual classroom. They can also allow the teacher to set up a specific area just for their class, giving them control of the learning environment ( <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-themecolor: text1;">[|EDUCAUSE] <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-themecolor: text1;">, 2009). <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-themecolor: text1;"> Web 2.0 and School 2.0 are entirely new ways to look at education in the future. The revolutionary School 2.0 will consist of collaborative computer technologies with emphasis on the read/write web. The school will also focus on free and open source software, distance learning programs, and videoconferencing. The school will ultimately change the world around us as the economy will be more in tune with information instead of industry. There will also be a change in skills that will be valuable to employees. Teachers and students are seeking new products and technologies to help them through their challenging academics. With the increase of teachers using wikis and blogs, and students networking and utilizing different tools online, the demand for easier, more efficient ways of learning is on the rise (School20.net, 2009). <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-themecolor: text1;"> With the Web 2.0, every student will have a laptop on their desk and a majority of the homework will be accomplished on the internet. Since most of the assessments will be online, students will always be able to see their grades and how they are progressing in the class. Students and teachers will also consistently have discussions about their coursework and projects on various blogs (O'Reilly, 2005). Thus, each classroom will have their own website. Students won't require text books anymore, as their source of information will come from the computer; the online books are called eBooks. Not only will there be electronic books with the Web 2.0, but other equipment will be electronic or digital, such as the digital microscope that students will learn to use. Students may not have to endure dissecting animals and amphibians. Instead, they will be doing virtual dissections on the computer (Web2expo, 2009). <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-themecolor: text1;"> The School 2.0 will affect teachers as well. Teachers will not have to attend professional development classes but instead receive professional development podcasts. Classrooms will be completely virtual as students will be able to look at a big screen and see other classrooms and people from around the world. However, the School 2.0 is not going to just include the school. The School 2.0 is also going to include the combination of school, home, and the community that will collaborate to bring the broader world into day-to-day instruction and provide a rich array of learning opportunities (Etoolkit.org, 2008). Schools are getting closer and closer to entirely changing their atmosphere to being based on technology. Perhaps in just a matter of years all schools will able to say they are the new "School 2.0." <span style="color: black; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-themecolor: text1; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore; msothemecolor: text1;">· <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-themecolor: text1;">[] <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-themecolor: text1;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-themecolor: text1; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore; msothemecolor: text1;">· <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-themecolor: text1;">[] <span style="color: black; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-themecolor: text1; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore; msothemecolor: text1;">· <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-themecolor: text1;">[] <span style="color: black; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-themecolor: text1; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore; msothemecolor: text1;">· <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-themecolor: text1;">[] <span style="color: black; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-themecolor: text1; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore; msothemecolor: text1;">· <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-themecolor: text1;">[] <span style="color: black; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-themecolor: text1; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore; msothemecolor: text1;">· <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-themecolor: text1;">[] <span style="color: black; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-themecolor: text1; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore; msothemecolor: text1;">· <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-themecolor: text1;">[] <span style="color: black; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-themecolor: text1; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore; msothemecolor: text1;">· <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-themecolor: text1;">[] <span style="color: black; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-themecolor: text1; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore; msothemecolor: text1;">· <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-themecolor: text1;">[] <span style="color: black; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-themecolor: text1; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore; msothemecolor: text1;">· <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-themecolor: text1;">[] <span style="color: black; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-themecolor: text1; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore; msothemecolor: text1;">· <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-themecolor: text1;">[] <span style="color: black; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-themecolor: text1; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore; msothemecolor: text1;">· <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-themecolor: text1;">[] <span style="color: black; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-themecolor: text1; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore; msothemecolor: text1;">· <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-themecolor: text1;">[] <span style="color: black; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-themecolor: text1; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore; msothemecolor: text1;">· <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-themecolor: text1;">[] <span style="color: black; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-themecolor: text1; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore; msothemecolor: text1;">· <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-themecolor: text1;">[] <span style="color: black; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-themecolor: text1; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore; msothemecolor: text1;">· <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-themecolor: text1;">[] <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-themecolor: text1;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-themecolor: text1; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore; msothemecolor: text1;">· <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-themecolor: text1;">[] <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-themecolor: text1;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-themecolor: text1; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore; msothemecolor: text1;">· <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-themecolor: text1;">[] <span style="color: black; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-themecolor: text1; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore; msothemecolor: text1;">· <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-themecolor: text1;">[] <span style="color: black; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-themecolor: text1; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore; msothemecolor: text1;">· <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-themecolor: text1;">[] <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-themecolor: text1;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-themecolor: text1; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore; msothemecolor: text1;">· <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-themecolor: text1;">[] <span style="color: black; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-themecolor: text1; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore; msothemecolor: text1;">· <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-themecolor: text1;">[] <span style="color: black; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-themecolor: text1; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore; msothemecolor: text1;">· <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-themecolor: text1;">[] <span style="color: black; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-themecolor: text1; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore; msothemecolor: text1;">· <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-themecolor: text1;">[|www.educause.edu/library/eqm0621] <span style="color: black; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-themecolor: text1; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore; msothemecolor: text1;">· <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-themecolor: text1;">[] <span style="color: black; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-themecolor: text1; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore; msothemecolor: text1;">· <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-themecolor: text1;">[] <span style="color: black; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-themecolor: text1; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore; msothemecolor: text1;">· <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-themecolor: text1;">[] <span style="color: black; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-themecolor: text1; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore; msothemecolor: text1;">· <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-themecolor: text1;">[] <span style="color: black; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-themecolor: text1; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore; msothemecolor: text1;">· <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-themecolor: text1;">[] <span style="color: black; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-themecolor: text1; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore; msothemecolor: text1;">· <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-themecolor: text1;">[] <span style="color: black; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-themecolor: text1; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore; msothemecolor: text1;">· <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-themecolor: text1;">[] <span style="color: black; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-themecolor: text1; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore; msothemecolor: text1;">· <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-themecolor: text1;">[] <span style="color: black; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-themecolor: text1; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore; msothemecolor: text1;">· <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-themecolor: text1;">[] <span style="color: black; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-themecolor: text1; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore; msothemecolor: text1;">· <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-themecolor: text1;">[] <span style="color: black; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-themecolor: text1; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore; msothemecolor: text1;">· <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-themecolor: text1;">[|http://www.stopcyberbullying.org/index2.html] <span style="color: black; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-themecolor: text1; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore; msothemecolor: text1;">· <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-themecolor: text1;">[] <span style="color: black; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-themecolor: text1; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore; msothemecolor: text1;">· <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-themecolor: text1;">[]
 * __<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">H. CURRENT ISSUES AND RESEARCHES ON USING TECHNOLOGY IN TEACHING AND LEARNING __**
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> 1. Some legal issues in using technology for teaching and learning. **
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">2. **<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> **Social networking and its impact in teaching and learning.**
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> 3. Cyber bullying and its legal issues. **
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">4. Ethical Issue, Digital Citizenship, Digital Divide and Other Issues **
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">5. Emerging Technology that has Implication on Teaching and Learning **
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-themecolor: text1;">6. Web 2.0 and School 2.0 **
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-themecolor: text1;">7. Work Cited and Other Web Sites **